天(tian)然二(er)水石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·2H2O)又稱為(wei)生石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),經過煅燒、磨細可得β型半水石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·1/2H2O),即建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),又稱熟石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、灰(hui)泥。若(ruo)煅燒溫度為(wei)190 °C可得模型石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),其細度和白度均比建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)高。若(ruo)將生石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)在(zai)400-500 °C或高于800 °C下煅燒,即得地板石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),其凝結、硬(ying)化較(jiao)慢,但(dan)硬(ying)化后強度、耐磨性和耐水性均較(jiao)普通建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)好(hao)。通常為(wei)白色(se)、無色(se),無色(se)透(tou)明晶體稱為(wei)透(tou)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),有時因含雜質而成灰(hui)、淺(qian)黃、淺(qian)褐等色(se)。
石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)屬單斜晶(jing)系,解(jie)理度(du)(du)很高,容易裂開成(cheng)薄片。將石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)加熱100~200°C,失去部(bu)分(fen)結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)水(shui),可得到半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)。 α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)良好、堅實; β型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)是片狀并(bing)有(you)裂紋的(de)(de)晶(jing)體,結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)很細(xi)(xi)(xi),比(bi)表面積比(bi) α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)大得多(duo)。生產(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)品(pin)時, α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi) β型(xing)(xing)需水(shui)量少,制(zhi)品(pin)有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)密實度(du)(du)和強(qiang)度(du)(du)。通常用(yong)蒸壓釜在飽(bao)和蒸汽(qi)介質(zhi)中(zhong)蒸煉(lian)而成(cheng)的(de)(de)是 α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),也稱(cheng)高強(qiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao);用(yong)炒鍋或回轉窯敞開裝置煅(duan)(duan)(duan)煉(lian)而成(cheng)的(de)(de)是β型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),亦即建筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)。半(ban)(ban)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)與水(shui)拌和的(de)(de)漿體重新形成(cheng)二水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)、在干燥過程中(zhong)迅速凝(ning)結(jie)(jie)硬化而獲得強(qiang)度(du)(du),但遇水(shui)則軟化。石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)是生產(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)凝(ning)材料和石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)建筑制(zhi)品(pin)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要原料,也是硅酸(suan)鹽水(shui)泥的(de)(de)緩凝(ning)劑。石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)經600~800°C煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒后,加入(ru)少量石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰等催(cui)化劑共(gong)同磨(mo)細(xi)(xi)(xi),可以(yi)得到硬石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)結(jie)(jie)料(也稱(cheng)金氏膠(jiao)結(jie)(jie)料);經900~1000°C煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒并(bing)磨(mo)細(xi)(xi)(xi),可以(yi)得到高溫煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)。用(yong)這兩種石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)得的(de)(de)制(zhi)品(pin),強(qiang)度(du)(du)高于建筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)品(pin),而且(qie)硬石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)結(jie)(jie)料有(you)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)隔熱性(xing),高溫煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)有(you)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)和抗水(shui)性(xing)。
目前,我(wo)們公司可設(she)計(ji)生產數十種規格的生產線(xian),并能根(gen)據用(yong)戶的不(bu)同需(xu)求量身定做不(bu)同生產工藝的生產線(xian)。
階段
石膏粉生產線采用國(guo)內成熟(shu)先(xian)進的工藝設備(bei),如立式(shi)磨(mo)粉機、沸(fei)騰爐等。 |
階段
破(po)碎(sui)機(ji)將大尺寸的石膏礦(kuang)石破(po)碎(sui)成小(xiao)于(yu)30mm的小(xiao)塊顆粒,輸送磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)進行粉(fen)磨(mo)(mo); |
第三階段(duan)
選粉(fen)機將粉(fen)磨(mo)后達到產品所需(xu)細度的(de)石膏生(sheng)粉(fen)送入沸(fei)騰(teng)(teng)爐進行煅燒(shao)(shao),其余(yu)部分返回(hui)磨(mo)機進行再次粉(fen)磨(mo)直合格。沸(fei)騰(teng)(teng)爐是建筑石膏煅燒(shao)(shao)設備中在我國應用(yong)廣的(de)設備,該設備結構簡單,操(cao)作方便。 |
第四階(jie)段
煅燒后的合格石膏(gao)粉送(song)入(ru)(ru)熟(shu)料倉儲存或(huo)送(song)入(ru)(ru)制品車(che)間使用。 |
我(wo)公司(si)設(she)計的石膏(gao)粉(fen)生產線采(cai)用國內(nei)成熟先進的工(gong)藝設(she)備,如歐版T形(xing)磨等。歐版T形(xing)磨是建筑石膏(gao)煅燒設(she)備中(zhong)在我(wo)國應用廣的設(she)備。結構(gou)簡單、小(xiao)(xiao)巧、生產能力大(da) 設(she)備結構(gou)緊湊、不易損(sun)壞、占(zhan)地面積小(xiao)(xiao)、耗損(sun)低操作方(fang)便。
新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)具有輕(qing)(qing)質、高強度(du)、保(bao)溫、節(jie)能、節(jie)土(tu)、裝飾等(deng)優良特性。采(cai)用(yong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)(bu)但(dan)使房(fang)屋(wu)功(gong)能大大改善(shan),還(huan)可以使建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)內外更具現代氣息,滿足人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)審(shen)美要求(qiu)。新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能和功(gong)用(yong)各不(bu)(bu)相同(tong)(tong),生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)及工藝方法(fa)也各不(bu)(bu)相同(tong)(tong)。有的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)可以顯著減(jian)輕(qing)(qing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)自重(zhong),為推(tui)廣輕(qing)(qing)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結構創(chuang)造了條件,大大加快了建(jian)(jian)房(fang)速度(du)。有的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)重(zhong)在花色,如(ru)裝飾裝修材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao);有的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)重(zhong)在功(gong)能,如(ru)保(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao);有的(de)(de)(de)(de)則通過(guo)深(shen)加工衍生(sheng)(sheng)出多個品種(zhong),如(ru)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)。以新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為例(li)。目前(qian)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)有幾十個品種(zhong),其中紙面(mian)石(shi)膏板(ban)(ban)、玻(bo)璃纖維增強水(shui)泥(GRC)板(ban)(ban)、無(wu)石(shi)棉硅鈣板(ban)(ban)是目前(qian)中國生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)量、應用(yong)普遍(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)種(zhong)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。這三(san)種(zhong)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)(bu)但(dan)所(suo)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong),生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工藝不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong),其性能和功(gong)用(yong)也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)。它們(men)所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)均為非(fei)金屬材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)而且(qie)很容易得到(dao),采(cai)用(yong)它們(men)作為原始板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai),再分別配上防滲、保(bao)溫、防火等(deng)功(gong)能材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao),采(cai)用(yong)復(fu)合技術,可生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出各種(zhong)輕(qing)(qing)質和性能優越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)墻體(ti)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。